Oil Shale Mining Waste Rock Crushing and Screening Plant
Liming Heavy Industry is a professional Oil Shale Mining Waste Rock Crusher and Crushing and Screening Plant manufacturer in China. We can supply Oil Shale Mining Waste Rock Crushing and Screening Plant for you according your actual situation.
About Oil Shale and Oil Shale Waste Rock
The Estonia oil shale deposit stretches from the Russian border at the Narva River 130 km west along the Gulf of Finland. Oil shale is a yellowish-brown, relatively soft sedimentary rock of low density that contains a significant amount of organic matter and carbonate fossils. The productive oil shale stratum contains oil shale, limestone layers and limestone concretions. The thickness of the oil shale seam, without partings, ranges between 1.7 m and 2.3 m. The compressive strength of oil shale is 15 MPa to 40 MPa compared to 40 MPa to 80 MPa for limestone. The density of oil shale is between 1400 kg/m3 and 1800 kg/m3, and that of limestone is between 2200 kg/m3 and 2600 kg/m3.
Annually circa 15 million tonnes of oil shale are extracted, 50% is mined in underground mines and 50% in surface mines. Oil shale waste rock (limestone, marlstone or dolostone) is produced during extraction as reject material from separation plant and material from crushing and sizing operations in aggregate production. Major part of waste rock from opencast mine is used for mining site restoration. Waste rock from underground mine is piled up in waste rock dumps near to mines, and the deposited amount is about 5 million tonnes per year. In some cases dumps have been designed for recreational purposes. The total amount of already deposited waste rock is over 100 million tonnes. Crushed waste rock from separation plant produced in classes 25/100 and 100/300 mm is utilized as a fill soil and for construction of embankment in road building. Aggregate produced from waste rock is utilized in road building and in civil engineering. So there is demand to exploit natural resources of construction materials in more rational ways and to utilize already mined and deposited waste rock in economic activities. Worldwide experience shows that solid waste including mineral processing waste and quarry by-products can be utilized for different purposes, also in civil engineering and road building.
The Oil Shale Waste Rock Crushing and Screening Plant
The crushing and screening plant is usually equipped with two-stage impact crushers, Vibrating screen, Washing Machine and belt conveyer. The aggregate can be produced from waste rock from mine at this plant. In order to increase the resistance of aggregate, a third impact crusher should be installed to crush additionally 20-mm particles retained on screen (Fig. 2).
Mining and crushing technology
The commercial oil shale bed is extracted unselectively (bulk extraction) using a drilling and blasting method in underground and opencast mining, selectively of three seams (F/E, E/C and C/B) in opencast using a ripper and excavator and highly selectively in opencast. Surface Miner can cut more exactly than rippers (2–7 cm) with deviations about one cm [1]. Based on the result of the performed test, calorific value of the aggregate for utilization in road building Qbd has to be lower than 1.4 MJ/kg. The productive oil shale stratum contains two limestone layers whose calorific value is lower than 1.4 MJ/kg, layer C/D and layer A/B (Fig. 1). Using a highly selective mining method, resistance to freezing and thawing of aggregate produced from layer C/D and layer A/B F = 4%. Aggregate produced from other limestone layers with resistance to freezing and thawing F = 4% is not usable for road construction and is usable in frost-free conditions only.
Waste rock from bulk and selective extraction contains fine particles of oil shale. Therefore selective crushing using impact crushers is needed. Impact stone crusher are characterized by a high reduction ratio and are used for selective crushing, a method that liberates hard limestone from soft oil shale. Grains of aggregate are crushed against crusher parts and against each other, producing a good cube-shaped product. Impact crushers also produce large amounts of fine-grained material. Impact crushers can be used at primary, secondary and tertiary crushing stages. Aggregate retained on screen is crushed until calorific value of the aggregate is lower than 1.4 MJ/kg (Fig. 2).
Related Products:
PF Impact Crusher | PFW Impact Crusher | Crushing and Screening Plant
About Oil Shale and Oil Shale Waste Rock
The Estonia oil shale deposit stretches from the Russian border at the Narva River 130 km west along the Gulf of Finland. Oil shale is a yellowish-brown, relatively soft sedimentary rock of low density that contains a significant amount of organic matter and carbonate fossils. The productive oil shale stratum contains oil shale, limestone layers and limestone concretions. The thickness of the oil shale seam, without partings, ranges between 1.7 m and 2.3 m. The compressive strength of oil shale is 15 MPa to 40 MPa compared to 40 MPa to 80 MPa for limestone. The density of oil shale is between 1400 kg/m3 and 1800 kg/m3, and that of limestone is between 2200 kg/m3 and 2600 kg/m3.
Annually circa 15 million tonnes of oil shale are extracted, 50% is mined in underground mines and 50% in surface mines. Oil shale waste rock (limestone, marlstone or dolostone) is produced during extraction as reject material from separation plant and material from crushing and sizing operations in aggregate production. Major part of waste rock from opencast mine is used for mining site restoration. Waste rock from underground mine is piled up in waste rock dumps near to mines, and the deposited amount is about 5 million tonnes per year. In some cases dumps have been designed for recreational purposes. The total amount of already deposited waste rock is over 100 million tonnes. Crushed waste rock from separation plant produced in classes 25/100 and 100/300 mm is utilized as a fill soil and for construction of embankment in road building. Aggregate produced from waste rock is utilized in road building and in civil engineering. So there is demand to exploit natural resources of construction materials in more rational ways and to utilize already mined and deposited waste rock in economic activities. Worldwide experience shows that solid waste including mineral processing waste and quarry by-products can be utilized for different purposes, also in civil engineering and road building.
The Oil Shale Waste Rock Crushing and Screening Plant
The crushing and screening plant is usually equipped with two-stage impact crushers, Vibrating screen, Washing Machine and belt conveyer. The aggregate can be produced from waste rock from mine at this plant. In order to increase the resistance of aggregate, a third impact crusher should be installed to crush additionally 20-mm particles retained on screen (Fig. 2).
Mining and crushing technology
The commercial oil shale bed is extracted unselectively (bulk extraction) using a drilling and blasting method in underground and opencast mining, selectively of three seams (F/E, E/C and C/B) in opencast using a ripper and excavator and highly selectively in opencast. Surface Miner can cut more exactly than rippers (2–7 cm) with deviations about one cm [1]. Based on the result of the performed test, calorific value of the aggregate for utilization in road building Qbd has to be lower than 1.4 MJ/kg. The productive oil shale stratum contains two limestone layers whose calorific value is lower than 1.4 MJ/kg, layer C/D and layer A/B (Fig. 1). Using a highly selective mining method, resistance to freezing and thawing of aggregate produced from layer C/D and layer A/B F = 4%. Aggregate produced from other limestone layers with resistance to freezing and thawing F = 4% is not usable for road construction and is usable in frost-free conditions only.
Waste rock from bulk and selective extraction contains fine particles of oil shale. Therefore selective crushing using impact crushers is needed. Impact stone crusher are characterized by a high reduction ratio and are used for selective crushing, a method that liberates hard limestone from soft oil shale. Grains of aggregate are crushed against crusher parts and against each other, producing a good cube-shaped product. Impact crushers also produce large amounts of fine-grained material. Impact crushers can be used at primary, secondary and tertiary crushing stages. Aggregate retained on screen is crushed until calorific value of the aggregate is lower than 1.4 MJ/kg (Fig. 2).
Related Products:
PF Impact Crusher | PFW Impact Crusher | Crushing and Screening Plant
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