Stressful Incidents of Physical Violence Against Emergency Nurses
Stressful Incidents of Physical Violence Against Emergency Nurses
The conceptual framework for this study was based on the Ecological Occupational Health Model of Workplace Assault (Levin, Hewitt, Misner, & Reynolds, 2003). Four concepts in this model were applied in this study: personal worker factors; workplace factors; community and environmental factors; and assault situation. Personal worker factors included the demographic characteristics of the worker, nursing experience, and perceived risk for being assaulted (Levin et al., 2003). Workplace factors included the physical design of the emergency department (ED), workplace policies, availability of security officers, and staffing patterns (Levin et al., 2003). Community and environmental factors included the geographical location of the ED and the presence of violence, weapons, and substance use in the community. For this study, community and environmental factors were conceptualized as aggressor factors to study the persons enacting the physical violence against emergency nurses. Aggressor factors included a prior history of violence, patient history of mental health disease or disorder, and the death of a patient (Gillespie et al., 2010). The assault situation included the specific acts of physical violence (Levin et al., 2003).
Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework for this study was based on the Ecological Occupational Health Model of Workplace Assault (Levin, Hewitt, Misner, & Reynolds, 2003). Four concepts in this model were applied in this study: personal worker factors; workplace factors; community and environmental factors; and assault situation. Personal worker factors included the demographic characteristics of the worker, nursing experience, and perceived risk for being assaulted (Levin et al., 2003). Workplace factors included the physical design of the emergency department (ED), workplace policies, availability of security officers, and staffing patterns (Levin et al., 2003). Community and environmental factors included the geographical location of the ED and the presence of violence, weapons, and substance use in the community. For this study, community and environmental factors were conceptualized as aggressor factors to study the persons enacting the physical violence against emergency nurses. Aggressor factors included a prior history of violence, patient history of mental health disease or disorder, and the death of a patient (Gillespie et al., 2010). The assault situation included the specific acts of physical violence (Levin et al., 2003).
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