Urine Sugar Test

• The urine sugar tests specifically concentrates on urine because it contains substances that can give clues to the existence of various disease, including diabetes. One of the substances tested for is excessive amounts of sugar in the urine, and if the test proves positive, it indicates the likelihood of juvenile diabetes.
  
  

Fasting Plasma Glucose Test

• Because it is more convenient that the urine test, this test is preferred. It must be administered after the patient has fasted for at least eight hours. The test measures blood glucose levels and indicates the existence of juvenile diabetes when that glucose level is at least 126 mg/dL.
  
  

Random Plasma Glucose Test

• Similar to the fasting glucose test except that it does not take into account the effects of fasting. In addition, for an accurate reading, the random plasma glucose test must be done in association with an assessment of existing symptoms of diabetes. For this latter reason, it is useless in pre-diabetec diagnosis.
  
  

History and Examination

• Regardless of which method of diagnosis is utilized, a compete family history must be collected. In addition, the patient will need to undergo a physical examination. The family history is extremely important and needs to be as complete and detailed as possible.