Intrauterine Growth Restriction

• Intrauterine growth restriction, also known as IUGR, refers to a condition that restricts the growth of the fetus. When a fetus is small for gestational age it means that it is below the 10th percentile for normal size and weight. According to the University of Virginia Health System "this means that the fetus weighs less than 90 percent of all other fetuses of the same gestational age."
  
  

Risks of IUGR

• The University of Virginia Health System states that "with IUGR, the growth of the baby's overall body and organs are limited, and tissue and organ cells may not grow as large or as numerous." The risks associated with IUGR increase as the size of the fetus decreases. Even if the fetus survives birth they are still at a risk for neonatal complications as far as poor health and morbidity.
  
  

Causes of IUGR

• IUGR can be caused by a number of complications ranging from poor health and nutrition to bad decisions made by the mother. If the mother lacks the proper intake of nutrients needed to supply the baby's growth this can cause IUGR as well as the mother having hypertension, or abnormally high blood pressure. Drug abuse, smoking and the consumption of alcoholic beverages can also lead to IUGR.
  
  

Diagnosis

• A doctor can diagnose IUGR by using abdominal measurements to find out if the mother's abdomen is measuring smaller than it is supposed to be during any point of the pregnancy. If the abdomen does measure smaller the doctor will most likely order an ultrasound to determine the baby's size and weight. If the size and weight of the baby is less than the normal measurements for current gestational age, you may have IUGR.
  
  

Prevention/Treatment

• IUGR is not reversible, but it is possible to minimize the risks and effects associated with it. Avoid consuming alcoholic beverages, drug and nicotine products. Follow your doctor's instructions for a healthy, nutrient-rich diet which can help increase the baby's weight. The doctor may recommend bed rest for you if you have IUGR. Early delivery may be recommended if IUGR is causing health concerns or stress to the baby. Follow up with all pre-natal care appointments.