How to Grow Dwarf Apples
- 1). Dig a hole in well-draining soil exposed to full sunlight. Make the planting hole large enough to accommodate the root system of the dwarf tree. Ideally, plant the apple tree in early spring, once the danger of frost is over and the soil is workable, and deep enough to ensure the graft union; the point where the apple variety was grafted on the root stock falls 2 inches above the soil surface. Space multiple holes in a row 8 feet apart and rows 14 feet apart.
- 2). Remove the young tree from its nursery container and lower it into the hole. Pack some soil into the hole and add 2 gallons of water. Let it settle before adding soil into the hole until level with the surrounding area. Tamp the soil with the back of a shovel.
- 3). Water the planting site thoroughly until evenly moist. Afterward, provide it 5 gallons of water every seven to 10 days.
- 4). Spread 2 to 3 inches of organic mulch over the root zone to keep the roots cool and prevent weeds from growing nearby. Keep the area at least 1 foot away from the trunk of the dwarf tree free of weeds and grasses. Inspect the area on a regular basis and pull out vegetation immediately.
- 5). Insert a wooden stake into the ground, 6 to 8 inches behind the dwarf tree to support it during the first two to three years. Secure the trunk to the stake with twine to help it grow upright and straight.
- 6). Feed the dwarf apple tree a 10-6-4 fertilizer every spring. Use 1/2 lb. of fertilizer the first year after planting and increase by 1/2 lb. every year afterward. Spread the fertilizer granules around the trunk of the tree and water deeply to release nutrients in the soil. Avoid direct contact of the fertilizer granules with the tree trunk.
- 7). Prune the dwarf apple tree in early spring, before new growth emerges. Use sharp, sterilized pruning shears to remove wayward, crossing, damaged or diseased branches. Also remove suckers or shoots growing from the roots or lower stems. Train the apple tree to a central leader that allows three to four groups of branches.
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