Checkerspot Butterfly Habitat
- The use of pesticides and recreational activities as well as agricultural development and the invasion of non-native trees and plants, have threatened the grasslands where the butterfly lives. As of 2002, its range had been reduced to Washington and Oregon, where only four populations are known to exist.
In 2006, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) began research into captive breeding in an effort to strengthen the species' numbers. - The Baltimore checkerspot thrives in Southern Manitoba east to Nova Scotia and south to Nebraska, Arkansas and Georgia and ranges throughout New England up to but not including Maine. In Massachusetts, the butterfly is becoming more of a meadow species where it occurs in larger numbers. The Baltimore checkerspot has been the Massachusetts official state insect since 1973.
Its population is growing due primarily to its larval food preferences, which have expanded to include White Ash, Arrowwood, Honeysuckle and False Foxglove.
The Harris checkerspot butterfly inhabits the same region but is fewer in number. Due to wing patterns similar to that of the distasteful Baltimore, predators often avoid both species.
. - The bay checkerspot once inhabited the San Francisco Bay area and the mountains near San Jose, Oakland hills and Alameda County. Development, fire, invasion of non-native plant species and extreme weather conditions contributed to its declining numbers and the butterfly has been listed as threatened since 1987. As of 2006, the bay checkerspot has been recorded in only six areas; one in the San Francisco Bay peninsula, one in San Mateo County and four in Santa Clara county.
- The second sub-species of the checkerspot butterfly to be listed under the Endangered Species Act (after the bay checkerspot), is the Quino checkerspot. Once populating an area including the coastal scrub-sage area in southern California and northern Baja, it is seen only in Riverside and San Diego counties in 2010.
Much of the open areas of the Quino checkerspot's habitat have been developed, over-grazed or threatened by the invasion of non-native plants. Adding to their dilemma is the Quino checkerspot's lack of adaptability to new regions. - The range of the Sacramento Mountains checkerspot covers a 33 square mile area surrounding the village of Cloudcroft, New Mexico. The species is threatened by construction of roads and buildings, livestock grazing, invasive plants, weather and pesticide spraying. Though not protected on a national level, the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish includes the Sacramento Mountains checkerspot on its species of concern list as "sensitive."
Taylor's Checkerspot Butterfly
Baltimore Checkerspot
Bay Checkerspot
Quino Checkerspot
Sacramento Mountains Checkerspot Butterfly
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